
DocRodConrad
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Feb 11, 2005, 9:20 AM
Post #244 of 311
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Science of nitrate removal in trickle towers
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I have been studying the science aspect of how trickle towers reduce nitrates (and nitrites) for many years through many careful studies of my own, most of them unpublished. Unpublished because until I understood the mechanism, I did not want to say any more about the subject. I don't know nor care whether the nitrate conversion is due to anerobic or aerobic bacteria, the point is that it really doesn't matter anyway, whether the bacteria form is aerobic or anerobic. So let's get to the key points without any more chaotic discussions. The way trickle tower filters, or shower filters, or well aerated submerged media filters get rid of nitrates is to adequately degas the variety of nitrogen oxides that are formed from nitrate and nitrite conversion. That is why the media needs to have good air contact, the nitrogen oxides must escape into the air for the nitrogen to leave the water. If the nitrate or nitrite conversion occurs in submerged media that is not well aerated, the nitrogen oxides which are the product of bioconversion get dissolved in the water to react to make more nitrites and nitrates. There is a chemical equilibrium between the chemicals nitrate, nitrite, and nitrogen oxides in the water. This equilibrium is promoted by the bioconversion bacteria. However, to drive the equilibrium toward less nitrate (and nitrite which is in chemical equilibrium with nitrate), the nitrogen oxides must be removed by the aeration process of degassing the products of biofiltration. It is no wonder that directly degassing these nitrogen oxides by having the bacteria in contact with air is a lot more efficient than even strong aeration of submerged media. If you don't understand this explanation, ask questions. If you don't believe my explanation, I don't care, this old research chemist has spent at least 2000 hours researching the subject through his own research and reading the scientific reports of other researchers who spent millions of dollars tracking down the answers. So if you don't agree with lots of reserach and researchers, that is your perogative, you can have any opinion you want about it on a public message board. But don't expect me to argue with you about the science, I spent way too much time and energy to make sure I understand it. By the way, there is another scientific "kicker" to this subject. It is the effect of trace minerals. If you don't have them in the pond, or in the water, or in the biofiltration media, you won't get the low nitrates from the trickle towers and shower filters. Apparently the trace minerals affect the equilibrium or the efficiency of the biofiltration bacteria, I have NOT figured out which the trace minerals help do the work yet. But stay tuned, in few more years I will have figured that one out, too. And, by the way, thanks so much for keeping this wonderful thread alive all these years while I was trying to figure out the science of it. Roddy Conrad, Charleston, WV, USA
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